印刷行业挥发性有机物深度治理对策建议

印刷行业挥发性有机物(VOCs)污染日益受到关注，经过近几年的持续整治已取得一定成效，但也面临阶段性的治理瓶颈，亟须开展深度治理工作。为了解当前印刷行业VOCs治理存在的问题，通过资料调研、行业协会调研和印刷企业现场调查，分析了印刷行业的规模与地域分布、油墨分类、含VOCs原辅材料可替代性及印刷行业减排潜力等，并在行业发展、印刷技术与治理技术应用、VOCs环境管理等方面与发达国家进行对比，指出了我国印刷行业存在企业规模小和集中度低、印刷与治理技术相对落后、企业治理技术参差不齐等问题。提出VOCs深度治理对策建议：1)不同印刷工艺企业分类施策、精准管控，建议对排放标准适当补充，对新、改、扩建项目进行差异化环评审查，严格执行排污许可制度，并在重污染天气应急管控、污染天气应对、环境执法等工作中实行VOCs企业差异化管理。2)进行政策引导、财税支持，通过调整行业产业结构、把控环境准入政策、加大财税和奖补支持推动企业规模化、集群集中治理。

COUNTERMEASURES AND SUGGESTIONS FOR IN-DEPTH TREATMENT OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN PRINTING INDUSTRY

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) pollution in the printing industry has attracted increasing attention, and certain achievements have been made after continuous rectification in recent years. However, we are facing staged governance bottlenecks and urgently need to carry out in-depth governance work. For the sake of understanding the current problems in the management and control of VOCs in the printing industry, this study analyzed the scale and geographical distribution of the printing industry, ink classification and VOCs emission, and substitutability of raw and auxiliary materials containing VOCs, and emission reduction potential of the printing industry through data search, industry association research, and on-site survey for printing enterprises. Additionally, industry development, application of printing and governance technology, and VOCs management were compared with the developed countries. It was pointed out that there were problems in China’s printing industry, such as small scale and low concentration of enterprises, the relatively backward printing and governance technology, and the uneven governance technology. The following suggestions were put forward for in-depth treatment of VOCs: 1) enterprises with different printing processes should implement classified policies and precise management and control. It was recommended to appropriately supplement emission standards, conduct differentiated environmental impact assessment reviews for newly, renovated and expanded enterprises, strictly implement the pollutants discharge permit system, and implement differentiated management of VOCs enterprises in emergency control of heavy pollution weather, pollution weather response, and environmental law enforcement. 2) Policy guidance, fiscal and taxation support should be carried out, and promote printing industry scale and centralized management would be promoted by adjusting industrial structure, controlling the environmental access policy, and increasing fiscal, taxation, incentives and subsidies.