临近空间平台动力系统技术和环境影响分析

从临近空间平台所采用的动力系统出发,探讨了低速和高速两类临近空间飞行器动力系统的技术特点。以平流层飞艇为代表的低速临近空间平台动力系统主要采用太阳能、电动机和螺旋桨的推进方式,高速临近空间平台动力系统目前主要有超燃冲压动力型和组合循环动力型。分析了临近空间稀薄大气、太阳紫外辐射和臭氧以及温度等环境对平台动力系统产生的可能影响,并提出了相应的解决措施。

Power System Technology of Near-space Platforms and Environmental Effects

Characters of two kinds of power and propulsion system technology,including low-speed and high-speed near-space platforms,were discussed.Low-speed near-space platforms,such as stratospheric airship uses solar energy as power,electric motors and propellers as propulsion.The power and propulsion systems of high-speed near-space platforms mainly include supersonic combustion ramjets types and combined cycle types.The possible effects of thin atmosphere,UV radiation,ozone,and temperature on the power and propulsion systems were analyzed and the corresponding solutions were put forward.