船舶撞击下10 MW单桩基础风机动力响应特性分析

目的 探究风机在遭遇船舶撞击时的动力响应，以及不同工况下的失效模式。方法 采用 SACS 软件，建立DTU 10MW单桩基础风机的动力分析模型，并利用p-y曲线模拟桩土相互作用，计算不同撞击速度、撞击角度、风载方向作用下海上风机的动态响应，探究风机在停机工况和运行工况下的失效模式。结果 风机受风载作用时，最大机舱加速度和塔顶最大位移分别较无风载时增加了8.5%、68.1%。以5 000 t撞击船为例，风机在停机状态下，撞击速度超过2.13 m/s时，风机面临因机舱故障而引发的失效；风机在运行状态下，撞击速度超过1.88 m/s时，风机面临因挠度超过最大允许值而引发的失效。结论 有、无风载时，机舱加速度响应的差异不明显，而有风载时的塔顶位移较无风载时增长明显。根据风机在停机工况和运行工况下的失效模式，提出了相应的船舶撞击速度临界值。

Dynamic Responses Analysis of DTU 10 MW Monopile-supported Offshore Wind Turbine under Ship Impact

The work aims to investigate the dynamic responses of offshore wind turbine impacted by a ship and the failure modes under different operating conditions. SACS software was used to establish a dynamic analysis model of the DTU 10 MW monopole-supported offshore wind turbine and p-y curve was adopted to simulate the pile-soil interaction. The dynamic responses of the offshore wind turbine were calculated under different impact speed, impact angles and wind load directions, and the failure modes of the wind turbine under shutdown and operating conditions were investigated. The maximum nacelle acceleration and tower top displacement of the wind turbine under wind load increased by 8.5% and 68.1%, respectively, compared with those under no wind load. With 5 000 t impact ship as an example, under the shutdown condition, the wind turbine suffered failure caused by nacelle failure when the impact speed exceeded 2.13 m/s. However, under the operating condition, the wind turbine suffered failure caused by the deflection exceeding the maximum allowable value for the impact speed exceeding 1.88 m/s. There is no obvious difference between the acceleration responses of the nacelle under the conditions with and without wind load, while the tower top displacement under wind load increases significantly compared with that under no wind load. Finally, the critical values of impact speed are proposed according to the failure modes of the offshore wind turbine in shutdown and operating conditions.