海洋大气环境下装备材料的腐蚀与防护研究进展

叙述了海洋大气环境下装备典型金属材料的腐蚀与防护研究进展。介绍了高强钢、不锈钢和铝合金等装备材料在高温、高湿、高盐雾和强辐射等海洋大气环境下的腐蚀特征和主要腐蚀形式，总结了海洋大气腐蚀防护技术的研究进展。最后，提出了海洋大气环境下装备防护需从装备选材与结构环境适应性设计、有效表面防护、环境控制、加强维护保养等方面着手，在充分利用现有防腐技术的基础上，加强金属涂/镀层与有机涂层的技术组合；大力开发研制海洋环境下长期有效、绿色环保的表面处理技术和涂层技术；针对铝合金等易腐蚀材料，开展腐蚀结构修复技术研究。采用系统工程方法来解决海洋大气环境中装备的腐蚀问题，进而提高舰载武器、船舶、海岸工程、近海工程等服役装备的安全性、寿命和可靠性。

Research Progress on Corrosion and Protection of Equipment Materials in Marine Atmosphere

This work reviewed the research progress on corrosion and protection of typical metal materials for equipment in the marine atmosphere. The corrosion characteristics and main corrosion forms of equipment materials such as high-strength steel, stainless steel and aluminum alloy under high temperature, high humidity, high salt and strong radiation were introduced, and the research progress of marine atmospheric corrosion protection technology was summarized. Finally, it was proposed that equipment protection in the marine atmosphere should be started from the aspects of equipment selection and structural environmental adaptability design, effective surface protection, environmental control, strengthening maintenance, etc. Existing anti-corrosion technologies should be made full use to strengthen the technical combination of metal coating/plating. Long-term effective, green and environmentally friendly surface treatment technology and coating technology in the marine environment should be researched and developed with great effort. Especially for aluminum alloy and other easily corrosive materials, research on corrosion structure repair technology should be focused. System engineering methods should be used to solve the corrosion problem of equipment in the marine atmosphere, thereby improving the safety, life and reliability of service equipment such as shipborne weapons, ships, coastal engineering, and offshore engineering.