太阳风暴对短波电子装备性能的影响及应对措施

目的掌握太阳风暴对短波电子装备性能的影响及应对措施,为系统设计提供参考。方法分析太阳风暴的表现形式,并从作用距离、目标检测、定位精度等方面给出太阳风暴对短波超视距雷达、短波通信等装备的影响。结果电离层SID、电离层暴可造成短波通信中断,短波通信可用频段变窄。电离层强吸收可降低天波超视距雷达作用距离和目标定位精度,电子浓度、电离层虚高快速变化影响超视距雷达检测性能和定位精度,负相电离层暴使天波超视距雷达可用频段严重变窄。地球磁暴期间,电磁场突变产生的强电压和电流有可能烧毁用于天、地波超视距雷达的电子设备。电离层非规则现象对超视距雷达有严重影响。结论太阳风暴对电子装备性能有利有弊,要分别对待。系统设计时应充分考虑太阳风暴的影响,在出现太阳风暴时,采取针对性措施降低其影响。

Impacts of Solar Storm on Performance of Shortwave Electronic Equipment and Solutions

Objective To master impacts of solar storm on performance of shortwave electronic equipment and corresponding solutions and provide reference for system design. Methods The forms of solar storms were analyzed and influences of solar storm on shortwave beyond visual range radar, short wave communication, etc. were given from ranging coverage, object detection, positioning accuracy et al. Results The ionosphere SID and ionospheric storm could interrupt shortwave communication and narrow shortwave spectrum of communication. Strong ionospheric absorption could decrease the sky-wave over-the-horizon radar range and target location accuracy and electron concentration. The inflated rapid change of the ionosphere affected the over-the-horizon radar detection performance and positioning precision. Negative phase ionospheric storm narrowed the available spectrum of the sky-wave over-the-horizon radar severely. During geomagnetic storms, strong electromagnetic field, mutation of voltage and current may burn electronic equipment for sky-ground wave over-the-horizon radar. Irregular phenomenon of ionosphere had serious influences on over-the-horizon radar. Conclusion The solar storm is both advantageous and disadvantageous to performance of electronic equipment. It should be treated respectively. During system design, it is required to take full consideration on influences of solar storm and take corresponding measures to reduce influences of solar storm when it appears.