水下航行器复合材料耐压壳优选设计研究

目的 提升水下航行器潜深,将复合材料代替高强度钢材料用于水下航行器的耐压结构,对该结构开展优选设计研究,探究其提升耐压壳的极限潜深与降低结构质量的能力。方法 采用分步选优的设计方法对复合材料耐压壳体进行优选。在进行耐压壳体的优选时,考虑铺层百分比、角度、厚度对壳体的稳定性和极限载荷的影响。在进行环肋形式的优选时,从肋骨受力情况出发,考虑肋骨铺层形式对于稳定性的影响。结果 在耐压壳厚度相同的情况下,通过壳体铺层优选,复合材料耐压壳体的失稳压力提升在56.06%以上。在进行肋骨优选后,极限潜深相较于“海狼”级潜艇提升约26.67%,且复合材料耐压壳相较于高强度钢耐压壳质量减轻在80%左右。结论 通过分步优选的方法,可以得到该水下航行器耐压壳的主壳体铺层形式为0/±45/0/0/±45/0/90/0]s,单层厚度为1.5 mm。环肋形式为T形,环肋面板与腹板均采用环向铺设。

Optimization Design of Composite Pressure Shell for Underwater Vehicles

In order to enhance the submergence depth of underwater vehicles, the work aims to use composite materials as a pressure-resistant structure for underwater vehicles instead of high-strength steel materials, so as to conduct optimization design research on this structure to explore its ability to increase the ultimate submergence depth of pressure shells and reduce structural weight. The step-by-step optimization design method was adopted to optimize the pressure shell. During optimization of pressure shell, the effects of layer percentage, angle, and thickness on the stability and ultimate load of the shell were considered. During optimization of ring rib form, the effect of rib ply on stability was considered based on the stress situation of the ribs. Under the same thickness of the pressure shell, the instability pressure of the pressure shell was increased by more than 56.06% through shell layer optimization. After the rib optimization, the ultimate diving depth was increased by about 26.67% compared with the "Sea Wolf" class submarine, and the weight of the composite pressure shell was reduced by about 80% compared with the high-strength steel pressure shell. Through the step-by-step optimization method, it can be obtained that the main shell layer of the underwater vehicle pressure shell is 0/±45/0/0/±45/0/90/0]s, with a single layer thickness of 1.5 mm. The form of the ring rib is T-shaped, and the ring rib panel and web are laid in a circumferential direction.