高强度铝合金典型沿海地区腐蚀行为加速试验方法研究

目的构建适用于高强度铝合金在某工业海洋性气候地区的加速腐蚀试验方法。方法选用飞机结构用典型高强度铝合金7B04-T6为试验材料,进行实验室加速腐蚀试验与某工业地区海洋大气环境曝晒试验,并对试验后的试样进行疲劳性能评价。通过平均腐蚀速率测试、腐蚀形态特征观察、疲劳断口特征分析,腐蚀加速倍率计算,对两种形式腐蚀铝合金的腐蚀机理和疲劳破坏行为等进行综合对比。结果经历实验室加速腐蚀试验与海洋大气环境曝晒试验后,7B04-T6铝合金的质量损失率基本相等,腐蚀形貌相近,疲劳断口特征一致,因而两种腐蚀模式一致,机理相同。结论所编制的实验室加速环境谱与试验方法,能够较好地用于某工业海洋性气候地区高强度铝合金材料和结构的环境损伤加速试验,实验室与外场海洋大气环境曝晒试验的加速比为97.64。

Accelerated Test Method for High Strength Aluminum Alloy in Typical Coastal Area

The paper aims to establish a test method for accelerated corrosion test of high strength aluminum alloys in an industrial marine climate area. Typical high strength 7B04-T6 aluminum alloys for aircraft structure was used for laboratory accelerated corrosion test and atmospheric environment exposure corrosion test. After test, the fatigue property of the sample was evaluated. By average corrosion rate test, corrosion morphology observation and fatigue fracture feature analysis, and corrosion acceleration ratio calculation, the corrosion mechanism and fatigue failure behavior of two types of aluminium alloy were comprehensively compared. The corrosion mode of 7B04-T6 aluminum alloy that undergone accelerated corrosion in laboratory and exposure atmospheric environmental was same. Their mass loss rates were basically the same. Their corrosion morphologies were similar and their fatigue fracture characteristics were consistent. So, the laboratory accelerated environmental spectra and test method could be used as an accelerated test method of high strength aluminum alloy material and structure in an industrial marine climate area. The accelerative ration of laboratory and field exposure is 97.64.