基于信访数据分析北京环境问题

分析了2006-2009年北京环境信访数据，结果显示：北京的环境信访主要集中在大气污染和噪声问题方面，两者分别占信访总量的60％和34％。大气污染包括工业废气、机动车尾气、锅炉烟尘、餐饮油烟、扬尘以及异味等。噪声问题主要是社会生活噪声、工业噪声、施工噪声以及交通噪声等。环境信访量的区域分布与污染源的数量以及人口密度相关。北京城市功能拓展区占全市环境信访的一半以上，发展新区和城市核心区比例分别为26％和13％，生态涵养区仅占4％。从区县分布来看，朝阳区和丰台区比例最高，分别占全市的20％和17％；远郊区县比例相对较低，延庆县不足1％。不同季节污染源排放强度及居民生活规律的差异造成北京环境信访量夏季高、冬季低，8月份信访量是2月份的5倍。奥运前，北京环境信访量不断攀升，其后有所回落，但近几年集中信访突出．

Study on environmental problems based on petition data in Beijing

Environmental petition data in Beijing for 2006-2009 were studied. The results showed that the main environmental problems in Beijing included atmospheric pollution and noise pollution, whose corresponding shares were 60% and 34%. At present, atmospheric pollution included industrial waste gas, traffic emission, boiler soot, greasy dirt and soot, dust and bad smell. Noise sources included social activity noise, industrial noise, building construction noise and traffic noise. Environmental petition distribution is closely linked with pollution source numbers and population scale. More than one half of petition appeared in urban development zone, with 26% and 13% in new urban development district and core functions district respectively. Only 4% petition was in ecological conservation zone. Different pollution source intensity and citizens＇ daily routines caused that environmental petitions were much more in summer than in winter, and environmental petition was in August as five times as that in February. Petition rose before 2008 Olympic but began to decrease after.