Siting restrictions and proximity of Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations to surface water |
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| Institution: | 1. AED Economics, Ohio State University, 322 Agr. Admin. Bldg., 2120 Fyffe Rd, Columbus, OH 43210, United States of America;2. AED Economics, Ohio State University, United States of America;1. Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;2. Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;3. Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;4. Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;5. Childhood Cancer & Blood Research, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;6. Department of Medicine, Memorial University, St Johns, Newfoundland;7. Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia;1. Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Holetta Research Center, Holetta, Ethiopia;2. Haramaya University, School of Natural Resources Management and Environmental Science, Harar, Ethiopia;3. International Livestock Research Institute, People, Livestock and Environment, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;4. Geomark System Plc., Addis Ababa, Ethiopia |
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| Abstract: | Proximity and connections to surface waters may play significant roles in determining impacts of manure spills. As occurred in many U.S. states, Minnesota adopted in 2000 more stringent regulations on Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) including restrictions on siting new facilities near surface waters. The objectives of this study were to determine whether CAFO proximity to surface waters decreased following the siting restrictions and to evaluate implications of siting restrictions. Permit dates, locations, and distances to nearest surface water bodies for 111 west central Minnesota CAFOs were determined based on satellite imagery, historical records, and correspondence with regulatory officials. Average distance between surface waters and facilities permitted after 2000 was greater than for facilities permitted before 2000. The increase in average distance between CAFOs and public surface waters was significant for open water (1790 m, p = 0.03), but not for streams (280 m, p = 0.47). Decreased CAFO proximity to surface waters should benefit water quality, but after 2000 facilities continued to be permitted close to hydraulic connections not covered by the siting restriction. Comprehensive manure spill tracking and long term targeted water quality monitoring are needed to evaluate effectiveness of siting restrictions and other strategies for protecting surface waters from manure spills. |
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| Keywords: | Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations Surface water quality Siting restrictions Manure spills |
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