厨房空气中PAHs污染特征及来源初探

分析评价了杭州市宾馆和家庭厨房空气中12种PAHs的污染现状、特征及其来源.结果表明,宾馆厨房空气中PAHs的平均浓度为17.23mg/m³,以3～4环PAHs为主;家庭厨房空气中PAHs的平均浓度为7.634mg/m³,以2～4环为主;其萘的相对浓度远高于宾馆厨房.在不抽烟家庭厨房中,卫生球的挥发、烹调对萘的贡献率分别为36%,64%;在抽烟家庭厨房中,香烟烟雾、卫生球的挥发、烹调对萘的贡献率分别为53%,17%,30%.宾馆厨房空气中PAHs主要来源于油烟和燃料燃烧,后者主要产生4、5环PAHs,对其贡献率分别是73%,54%,而油烟的贡献率分别为27%,46%.不同油烟烟雾中PAHs的含量依次为猪油>菜子油>豆油.

Prelimilary exploration of features and sources of PAHs pollution in air of kitchen

Pollution features and sources of 12 PAHs in air of hotel and home kitchens in Hangzhou City were analyzed and evaluated. Results showed that the average concentration of hotel kitchen PAHs was 17.23mg/m3, mainly containing 3~4 ring PAHs; while it was 7.634mg/m3 in home kitchens with 2~4 ring PAHs predominant, of which the naphthalene concentration was far higher than that of hotel kitchens. In no-smoking home kitchens the two main sources of naphthalene were cooking and volatilization of camphor ball, accounting for 64% and 36%, respectively. In smoking home kitchens there were three sources of cooking, volatilization of camphor ball and smoking, accounting for 30%, 17% and 53%, respectively. In hotel kitchen PAHs resulted from fuel-burning and oil-fumes and consisted mainly of 4- and 5-ring PAHs. For 4-ring PAHs, 73% came from fuel-burning and the rest from oil-fumes; for 5-ring PAHs, 54% came from fuel-burning and the rest from oil-fumes. A fingerprint of oil-fume was the abundance of 3-ring PAHs. Heating at the same temperature, the PAHs contents in different oil-fumes were lard > rape seed oil > soybean oil.