近海污染的生态修复技术研究进展

随着现代社会经济的快速发展，近岸海域污染已成为世界性难题，严重影响近海海洋生态系统.如何对受损海洋生态系统进行修复成为当前海洋环境科学的热点问题.本文结合国内外的研究进展，扼要阐述了海洋生态修复的基本原理；并按生态系统不同营养级——生产者（植物）、消费者（动物）和分解者（微生物）梳理了当前主要的近海污染生态修复技术及其研究现状；分析其在修复实践中可能存在的问题并提出进一步的研究方向.本文可为控制海洋污染，保护海洋生态系统，开展海洋生态修复理论与实践研究，以及制定海洋生态保护政策提供有益的参考.

Research progress of ecological restoration for coastal pollution

With the rapid development of economy and urbanization, coastal water pollution has become a worldwide issue, with adverse effects widely observed in coastal marine ecosystems. Restoring the marine ecosystems under contamination hence became a hotspot topic of marine environmental science, which has attracted significant attention from domestic and foreign experts. In this paper, based on recent progress, the principles of marine ecological restoration were briefly summarized. The methods based on marine organisms, including ecosystem producers (plants), consumers (animals) and decomposers (microbes), were found to play active roles in this field. Meanwhile, instances of restoration of marine ecology were introduced. These contents are useful for protection of marine ecosystem and development of relevant restoration policy.