泗顶矿区6种土地利用类型土壤微生物群落结构特征

以广西柳州泗顶铅锌矿区的玉米地、菜地、灌木、尾矿库、森林和柑橘园6种不同利用类型土壤为研究对象，采用高通量测序技术，分析了不同土地利用类型土壤微生物群落结构特征及土壤环境因子对微生物群落结构的影响.结果表明，变形菌门（Proteobacteria）是6种土壤的优势菌门，所占比例为31.34%~53.47%，γ-变形菌纲（Gammaproteobacteria）为优势菌纲.冗余分析表明，在重金属含量最高的灌木区，厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）和拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）的丰度与土壤中铅、锌、镉、铜的含量呈现显著正相关；在土壤钠和钾含量较高的玉米地和菜地，浮霉菌门（Planctomycetes）的丰度有所增加，而厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门的丰度则有所下降.在土壤有机质含量较高而总氮、总磷含量较低的柑橘园，酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）和疣微菌门（Verrucomicrobia）的丰度较高.芽单胞菌门（Gemmatimonadetes）和浮霉菌门的丰度与土壤pH值呈显著正相关.研究结果表明土地利用类型及土壤环境因子对土壤微生物群落结构多样性有显著的影响.

Study on the soil microbial community structure associated with six land use in Siding mining area

Six different land use types (corn field, vegetable field, shrubs, mine tailing, forests and citrus orchards) were selected as variables around the Siding Lead-Zinc mining area in Liuzhou, Guangxi Province in the present study. The soil bacterial abundance, diversity and community composition were examined using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology to discuss the effects of soil physicochemical properties on soil microbial community structure. The results indicated that phylum Proteobacteria was the most dominant taxon in these land use types, with a high abundance ranging from 31.34% to 53.47%. Gammaproteobacteria was the most dominant class. The redundancy analysis showed that in shrubs where the content of heavy metals in the soil was the highest, there was a significant positive correlation between the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and the content of lead, zinc, cadmium and copper in soils. Additionally, in corn and vegetable field with high levels soil sodium and potassium contents, the relative abundance of Planctomycetes increased, while the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes decreased. Moreover, in citrus orchards with high soil organic matter content and low nitrogen and phosphorus content, the relative abundance of Acidobacteria and Verrucomicrobia were comparably high. There was a significant positive correlation between the relative abundance of Gemmatimonadetes and Planctomycetes and the soil pH. Hence, the results indicated that land use and soil environmental factors had significant impact on the diversity of soil microbial community structure.