中国PM2.5人口暴露风险时空格局

采用PM_2.5和人口格网数据，计算了2000~2016年中国PM_2.5人口暴露风险值，并利用Theil-Sen Median趋势分析、标准偏差和Hurst指数等，分析了17a间中国PM_2.5人口暴露风险的时空变化特征.结果表明：①17a间PM_2.5人口暴露风险在胡焕庸线两侧差异巨大，东部高、西部低，东部多年风险均值为2.787，西部为0.065；②17a间PM_2.5人口暴露风险在胡焕庸线两侧的变化幅度具有较显著差异，西部整体呈下降趋势，而在2011年和2015年有明显回升，东部自2001年迅速增加且保持平稳状态，直至2015年出现大幅度回落.③PM_2.5人口暴露风险的稳定性与持续性差异显著，东部以不稳定与弱反持续性为主，西部则以稳定与强反持续性为主要特征.④暴露等级为危险与极危险水平下的人口总量与人口密度在空间上呈现出东部高西部低的分布状态.

Spatial-temporal pattern of population exposure risk to PM2.5 in China

Using PM_2.5 and population grid data, the population exposures risk to PM_2.5 in China from 2000 to 2016 were calculated. In addition, the temporal and spatial characteristics of population exposures risk to PM_2.5 during the 17 years were analyzed by using Theil-Sen Median trend analysis, standard deviation and Hurst index. The results showed that:①the population exposures risk to PM_2.5 in the past 17 years had great differences on both sides of Hu Huanyong Line. The risk in the East was high and in the West was low. The average annual risk in the East was 2.787, while that in the west was 0.065. ②There were obvious differences in the range of risk changes on both sides of the Hu Huanyong line during 2000 to 2016. In the west, the overall trend was declining, while the risk has gone up again obviously in 2011 and 2015; From 2001, the risk in the East increased rapidly and remained stable until 2015, then it fell back. ③The stability and sustainability of the population exposures risk to PM_2.5 were significantly different on both sides of Hu Huanyong Line. The main characteristics of the population exposures risk to PM_2.5 were instability and weak anti-sustainability in the East and stability and strong sustainability in the west. ④The total population and population density at dangerous and extremely dangerous levels showed a high spatial distribution in the East and a low spatial distribution in the West.