太原市多环芳烃(PAHs)排放清单与分布特征分析

根据太原市11种主要排放源的排放因子和活动量数据,估算了美国国家环境保护局(US EPA)优先控制污染物清单中16种多环芳烃(PAHs)的年排放量.结果表明2010年太原市16种PAHs的排放量约为332.10t,其中7种致癌性PAHs排放总量为35.11t.从排放源看,生活燃煤和炼焦煤是太原市排放PAHs的主要来源,占总排放量的65%以上.从各地区的PAHs排放情况看,排放量最大的地区是清徐县(87t/a),占总排放的27%.其次为古交市(54t/a)、晋源区(44t/a)、尖草坪区(40t/a).各地区人均收入与单位GDP排放量之间呈负相关 (R2=0.727);各地区PAHs排放量与农村人口之间呈正相关(R2=0.813),从排放谱看,排放以低环PAHs为主(81%),致癌性PAHs占总排放量的10.6%.结果表明,太原市PAHs的排放与太原市特殊的能源结构和人群结构有关.

Estimation of annual emission and distribution characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in Taiyuan

Sixteen types of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were included in the priority control pollutants listed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). Herein, the emission rates and emission sources of these 16 PAHs in Taiyuan city were investigated. Results showed that the overall emission amount of the 16 PAHs in the year of 2010 in Taiyuan was 332.10t, in which 35.11t was identified as carcinogenic PAHs. Most of the PAHs were generated from the combustion of household coal and coke-production coal, accounting for 65% of the total emission amount. Among the emissions of 16 PAHs, less-ring PAHs were the majority (81%) while the carcinogenic PAHs only accounted for 10.6%. For the different districts (10 in total) in Taiyuan, the PAHs emitted from Qingxu were 87t/a, greatly more than that from Gujiao (54t/a), Jinyuan (44t/a), and Jiancaoping (40t/a). In general, there were a negative correlation between per capita income and per GDP emissions of PAHs (R2=0.727), and a positive correlation between the rural population and total PAHs emissions (R2=0.813). It was concluded that the heavy PAHs emission in Taiyuan was attributed to excessive combustion of coal for the household and industry and unique energy structure and special population in the countryside.