区域生态学基本理论探索

全球经济一体化、区域发展一体化,以及生态服务转移引发的区域生态问题越来越受到人们的关注,区域生态问题也直接影响到区域的可持续发展.因此,构建一门针对区域生态问题的系统学科成为当务之急.本文基于生态学、地理学、经济学及其它相关学科理论,尝试从学科发展角度探讨建立区域生态学学科理论框架.文章提出区域生态学是研究区域生态结构、过程、功能,以及区域间生态要素耦合和相互作用机理的学科,生态介质是区域生态的联系纽带和核心要素.根据生态系统构成要素和当前人类活动,影响区域的突出生态介质有水、风和资源,通过这3种介质,分别形成流域、风域和资源圈3大类型生态区域.区域生态学的主要研究范畴和要点有：区域生态结构、过程与功能、区域生态完整性和生态分异规律、区域生态演变规律及其驱动力、区域生态承载力和生态适宜性、区域生态联系和生态资产流转,以及区域生态补偿和环境利益共享机制.

The basic theoretical exploration of regional ecology

The regional ecological issues, which are triggered by the global economic integration, regional development integration and ecological service transfer，have been attracting more and more people’s attention, and have a direct impact on regional sustainable development. Developing a systematic subject on handling regional ecological issues becomes urgent. In this paper, we try to set up the theoretical framework of regional ecology in aspect of subject development based on ecology, geology, economy and other relevant subjects. Ecology is the subject which studies regional ecological structure, process, function as well as the integration and interaction mechanism of regional ecological elements; ecological medium is the link and key element between the ecological regions. According to the components of the ecosystems and current human activities, the most important ecological medium affecting the region include wind, water and resource, which form three kinds of ecological regions-basin, wind field and resource cycle respectively. The main study area and key issues of regional ecology include regional ecological structure, process, function; regional ecological integrity and differentiation rules; regional ecological evolvement rules and driving forces; regional ecological carrying capacity and suitability; regional ecological link and ecological assets transfer; regional eco-compensation and environmental profits sharing mechanism.