室内外PM10中多环芳烃相关关系及来源分析

为研究室内外PM10中多环芳烃相关性和来源特征,于2009年非采暖季、采暖季在天津市某小区36位住户室内和室外进行PM10膜采样,并分析其中12种PAHs浓度.结果表明,非采暖季较采暖季更为良好的室内外通风性,导致非采暖季室内外PM10中PAHs浓度没有显著差异(P>0.05),而采暖季室内PM10中PAHs浓度显著小于室外浓度;非采暖季室内外PM10中各PAHs占总PAHs的质量百分比基本一致,而采暖季其室内外质量百分比有明显不同;采暖季和非采暖季室内外PM10中PAHs的I/O平均值均低于1,但采暖季I/O值小于非采暖季. 对参与者的时间活动模式分析表明,在采暖季和非采暖季,室内吸烟、清洁活动以及烹饪对室内PM10中PAHs浓度变化均没有显著影响(P>0.05). 室内外PAHs浓度线性回归分析表明,室内PM10中5~7环PAHs主要受到室外源的影响,2~4环PAHs主要受到室内源的影响,非采暖季和采暖季室内外PM10中总PAHs的有效穿透因子分别为0.73和0.51. 通过特征比值法对PM10中PAHs来源进行解析得出,燃煤源、柴油机动车是其主要来源.

Sources and correlations of outdoor and indoor particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in a community in Tianjin,China

In order to investigate the sources contributions and correlations of indoor and outdoor PAHs bound onto inhalable particulate mater (PM10), PM10 samples were simultaneously collected indoors and outdoors at 36 households in a community in Tianjin during the non-heating period (NHP) and heating period (HP) in 2009; concentrations of 12individual PAHs were measured. Indoor PAH concentrations in NHP were comparable to outdoor concentrations, but lower than outdoors in HP. Indoor individual PAH contributions to total PAHs mass were comparable to outdoor PAH contributions in NHP, but not in HP. The average indoor/outdoor (I/O) ratio in both sampling periods was less than 1, but was higher in NHP than in HP. Smoking, cooking and cleaning activities did not significantly affect the indoor PAH concentrations. Indoor of 5-7ring PAHs were mainly derived from outdoor sources, while the 2-4ring PAHs were mainly from indoor sources. The infiltration factors of PM10-bound PAHs were 0.73 in NHP and 0.51 in HP. Diagnostic ratios for PAHs showed that the dominant sources of PAHs were coal combustion and traffic emissions.