环境犯罪的构成要件

环境犯罪是一种新的犯罪类型，其构成要件有自己的特点，与传统犯罪构成要件有很大不同。本文对此进行了探讨，并提出了自己的观点。首先，在环境犯罪中，犯罪主体有自然人和法人两种；其次，大多数环境犯罪是过失犯罪，其过失将依据这样一个标准来确定，即行为人是否采取了有效防治措施以力图避免损害结果的发生，如果没有，应认定过失成立；再次，环境犯罪之客观要件主要指犯罪行为以及犯罪行为与危害后果的因果联系。在确定犯罪行为时，利益衡量原则将起非常重要的作用。鉴于具体、明确的因果联系难以证明，因果关系必须采用推定因果关系的原则确定。

The constitutive elements of environmental crime.

Environmental crime is a new type of crime with its constitutive elements of their own features different from that of traditional crimes.This paper discusses the constitutive elements of environmental crime and puts forward its own viewpoint.First,in environmental crime,the subject of crime has two classes which are natural person and legal person.Second,most environmental crime are unintentional and,their negligence is determined on the basis of objective criteria that whether a wrongdoer goes to take prevention measures;if not,negligence is held to exist.Third,objective elements maily concern act of crime and cause effect relation.Balancing of utility will plays an important part in determining the act of crime.As result of the difficulty to prove concrete and definite cause-effect relation,the principle of deducing cause effect relation must be adopted.