基于改良ASM1的SNAD工艺启动和优化

采用微氧升流式膜生物反应器（UMSB-MBR）启动同步亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化耦合异养反硝化（SNAD）工艺，拟通过构建数学模型实现工艺启动过程分析及其优化过程预测.结果表明：反应器历经厌氧氨氧化和全程自养脱氮（CANON）工艺后，通过引入有机碳源（C/N比为0.5）启动SNAD工艺（总氮去除率可达87.66%），并运用ASM1模型及实验数据成功建立SNAD工艺启动模型；通过模型分析发现，氮负荷（NLR）的增大（由0.24~1.88kg/（m³·d）），适宜的溶解氧（DO）浓度（0.2~0.4mg/L）均有利于SNAD工艺的快速启动；通过模型预测发现，随着C/N比（由0.5~3.0）增大，反硝化菌（DNB）对厌氧氨氧化菌（AnAOB）活性的抑制程度不断增强，造成脱氮主要途径由厌氧氨氧化向异养反硝化过程转化，综合考虑C/N比为1.5时SNAD工艺效能和微生物菌群配置处于最佳状态.

Start-up and optimization of SNAD process based on modified ASM1

An up-flow micro-oxygen membrane bioreactor (UMSB-MBR) was utilized to start up the simultaneous nitrification, anaerobic ammonia oxidation coupling with heterotrophic denitrification (SNAD) process, and a mathematical model was planned to be built to realize the start-up process analysis and the optimization process prediction. The results showed that the SNAD process (the total nitrogen removal rate of 87.66%) started up successfully by inducing the carbon source (C/N ratio of 0.5) after anammox and completely autotrophic nitrogen removal (CANON) processes in the bioreactor, and the start-up model of the SNAD process was successfully built using the ASM1model and experimental data; the model analysis revealed that the increase in the nitrogen loading rate (NLR) (from 0.24kg/(m³·d) to 1.88kg/(m³·d)) and the suitable dissolved oxygen(DO) (0.2~0.4mg/L) accelerated the start-up of the SNAD process; the model prediction revealed that the inhibition of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) from denitrifying bacteria (DNB) was strengthened with the increase in the C/N ratio (from 0.5 to 3.0), and shifted the major nitrogen removal pathway from anammox to heterotrophic denitrification process. From the comprehensive consideration, the appropriate C/N ratio should be chosen at 1.5under which the process performance and distribution of the microbial flora could be at the best state of the SNAD process.