基于信息源信任度的PM2.5健康风险认知研究

运用心理测量范式调查北京和南昌居民对PM2.5信息发布源的信任度以及健康风险认知,结果表明,居民信息源信任度仅为一般水平,专家和非政府组织信任度较高,政府信任度较低,北京居民信任度低于南昌居民,风险认知高于南昌居民.基于结构方程模型,构建风险认知影响机理模型,分析表明信任度对风险认知有显著影响,北京和南昌影响系数分别为0.244、0.183;个体特征能直接或通过信任度间接影响风险认知,北京和南昌总影响系数分别为0.222、0.214,其中个体基础信息(年龄、月收入、职业)、健康状况(儿童和老人数、自身健康状况、曾或正患呼吸疾病或心肺疾病)、居住位置与工作方式均对信任度和风险认知有显著影响.

Health risk perception to PM2.5 based on the credibility of information sources

Risk perception was the foundation of risk communication and risk management. Understanding the characteristics of risk perception and the factors that were able to affect risk perception was conducive to effective risk communication and risk management. This paper investigated the public health risk perception to PM2.5 and the credibility of information sources based on the psychometric paradigm. The result showed that the credibility was just in an intermediate level in general. The credibility of experts and NGOs was higher than the credibility of government. In the aspect of regional comparison, the credibility result based on residents in Beijing was lower than that based on residents in Nanchang, but the risk perception was higher. Then this paper constructed an influence mechanism model of risk perception based on the structural equation model. Result showed that credibility had negative effect on risk perception, and the coefficient of credibility based in Beijing and Nanchang was 0.244 and 0.183, respectively. The individual characteristics could directly and indirectly affect risk perception through credibility, and the total coefficient was 0.222 and 0.214 respectively. The individual characteristics included basic individual information (age, income, occupation), health condition (the number of children and the elderly, their own health condition, suffering from respiratory disease or not), residential location and the way of working.