基于大气特征污染物的监测布点选址优化研究

针对常规大气环境监测未能对局部特殊污染情况进行表征的缺陷,提出基于特征污染物的监测布点选址优化方法:首先运用综合评分方法筛选区域大气特征污染物,然后建立综合了环境、经济和社会因素的多目标规划模型,并通过模糊层次分析法计算各子目标权重系数,最后应用lingo软件对模型优化求解,得到最优的监测点位布设方案.以南京市仙林地区为案例研究的结果表明,基于大气特征污染物的监测布点多目标模型能够得到较合理的优化点位布局,在3种情景中,选择的最优点位分别为25#、43#,25#、43#、54#和25#、43#、54#、77#,为实际大气环境监测优化布点提供科学指导.

Study on optimization of monitoring sites based on atmospheric characteristic pollutants

Conventional air quality monitor has disadvantage in detecting specific atmospheric problems such as odor pollution. The paper established a multi-objective model combining environmental, economic and social factors to optimize air quality monitoring sites considering regional special pollution. Synthetic grading method was used to screen characteristic pollutants and fuzzy-AHP was used to calculate weight scores for environmental, economic and social effects. The multi-objective model for optimizing air quality monitoring sites established was applied to Nanjing Xianlin region as a case study. In 3 scenarios, 5#、43#, 25#、43#、54# and 25#、43#、54#、77# were selected.The results of optimized monitoring sites could provide scientific references for policy makers.