中国燃煤电厂汞的物质流向与汞排放研究

为研究中国燃煤电厂中汞的去向,基于2010年中国各省份燃煤中的汞含量、燃煤消耗量、燃煤电厂大气污染控制设备的安装比例以及粉煤灰、脱硫石膏的二次利用方式,计算了我国燃煤电厂2010年向大气、水体、土壤中排放汞的量.2010年我国电厂燃煤共输入汞271.7t(147.1~403.6t).煤炭在电厂燃烧一次排放到大气中的汞为101.3t(44.0~167.1t),进入燃煤副产物、水体的汞分别为167.4t(84.3~266.3t),3.0t(1.2~5.0t).燃煤副产物二次利用过程向大气排放的汞为32.7t(12.5~56.1t),进入土壤中的汞为58.6t(33.6~103.9t),还有76.1t(30.3~108.6t)汞留在了产品中.结果表明,粉煤灰用于水泥生产和粉煤灰制砖是副产物向大气中二次排放的重要源,分别占总二次排放量的81.7%和15.3%.

The mercury mass flow and emissions of coal-fired power plants in China

To investigate the fate of mercury (Hg) in coal burned at power plants in China, the amount of mercury released to the air, water and solid waste in 2010 were calculated based on the Hg content of coal, coal consumption, application rate of air pollution control devices, and the re-utilization of coal combustion by-products. All the Hg input of power plants came from coal, totally 271.7t (147.1~403.6t) in 2010. In coal-fired power plant, the mercury emitted to air, to byproducts, and to water were 101.3t (44.0~167.1t), 167.4t (84.3~266.3t) and 3.0t (1.2~5.0t), respectively. During the re-utilization of byproducts, the mercury emitted to air, released to soil and stored in products including cement, gypsum wallboard, and fly ash brick were 32.7t (12.5~56.1t), 58.6t (33.6~103.9t), and 76.1t (30.3~108.6t), respectively. The results indicated that cement production and fly ash brick production were two important processes with atmospheric Hg re-emissions, accounting for 81.7% and 15.3% of the total Hg re-emissions.