我国人群大气颗粒物污染暴露-反应关系的研究

搜集了国内PM10和PM2.5暴露对人群健康影响的流行病学研究资料,利用Meta分析法评价我国人群大气颗粒物暴露对各健康效应终点的暴露-反应关系.结果显示,PM10浓度每增加10μg/m3,人群急性死亡率、呼吸系统疾病和心血管疾病死亡率分别增加0.38%95%可信限(CI):0.35%~0.42%]、0.65%(95%CI:0.35%~0.95%)和0.40%(95%CI:0.31%~0.49%);PM2.5浓度每增加10μg/m3,人群急性死亡率、呼吸系统疾病和心血管疾病死亡率分别增加0.40%(95%CI:0.19%~0.62%)、1.43%(95%CI:0.85%~2.01%)和0.53%(95%CI:0.15%~0.90%),因此可见,PM2.5对健康的危害高于PM10.同国外研究结果相比,我国人群大气颗粒物污染对死亡率影响的暴露-反应关系系数较小.

Exposure-response functions for health effects of ambient particulate matter pollution applicable for China

Epidemiological data were collected and the Meta-analysis method was used to get the exposure-response functions for health effects especially on mortality of residents under PM10 and PM2.5 pollution in China. As the concentration of PM10 increased 10μg/m3, acute mortality for all-course, respiratory disease and cardiovascular of residents increased 0.38% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.35%~0.42%), 0.65% (95%CI: 0.35%~0.95%) and 0.37% (95%CI: 0.31%~0.49%), respectively. When PM2.5 concentration increased 10μg/m3, a 0.40% (95%CI: 0.19%~0.62%) increase for all-course mortality, 1.43% (95%CI: 0.85%~2.01%) increase for respiratory death and 0.53% (95%CI: 0.15%~0.90%) increase for cardiovascular death was found. PM2.5 had greater health effects than PM10. Chinese studies reported somewhat lower exposure-response coefficients as compared to internal studies.