市政污水处理厂生物除磷运行效能与机理分析

选取浙江北部10个污水处理厂,调研污水厂生物除磷的运行效能并开展污泥活性以及微生物分布特征及其除磷机理的研究.通过活性污泥批试验表明,厌氧释磷率和好氧聚磷率(以P计)平均为2.4mg/(g·h)和2.2mg/(g·h);反硝化聚磷菌(DPAOs)占聚磷菌(PAOs)的比例为0.0%～80.1%.荧光原位杂交法(FISH)对活性污泥微生物群落结构分析表明,聚磷菌(PAOs)比例为2.0%～8.7%,聚糖菌(GAOs)比例为1.3%～22.4%.根据调查结果和生物除磷性能研究,可通过调整污水营养成分和设置独立前置反硝化池等方法改善除磷效果.

Effectivenesses and mechanism of enhanced biological phosphorus removal(EBPR)of municipal wastewater treatment plants

The performance of enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) and the activity of functional microorganisms community in ten municipal wastewater treatment plants in north region of Zhejiang Province were investigated. The rates of average P release and uptake were found about 2.4mg/(g·h), and 2.2mg/(g·h), respectively. Denitrifying polyphosphate accumulating organisms (DNPAOs) were estimated to be 0.0%-80.1% of the polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs). And the fractions of Accumulibacter as the family of PAOs, and Competibacter as potential glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) were quantified using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The proportions of PAOs and GAOs were varied from 2.0% to 8.7%, and 1.3% to 22.4%, respectively. So it’s a great challenge for these wastewater treatment plants to meet the higher requirements for discharge. It should be better to reduce the industrial wastewater proportions and set a separate pre-denitrifying tank to favor EBPR system.