快速城市化地区道路对两侧土地利用影响模式研究

基于多时段的卫星影像和土地利用变更调查数据,选取深圳市14条主要道路的代表性影响路段,用城市化影响指数(U)表征道路对土地利用的影响.以社会经济背景、地形条件、道路等级和道路运营年限为道路特征参数,基于相关性和非线性回归分析的方法研究道路对两侧土地利用影响的模式及其成因.研究发现,道路特征参数对两侧土地利用强度的影响表现出显著的差异性,其中,社会经济背景是道路对土地利用影响的主要影响因素,道路运营年限的影响主要表现在道路近距离区域,道路等级在中距离区域,而地形条件影响主要在远距离区域.道路对土地利用的影响模式分为3类,即山峰型、递减型和山谷型,而不同道路特征参数被认为是导致道路影响模式差别的主要原因.根据U值变化的曲线拟合分析得到各道路的影响范围,结果表明,快速路和主干路的影响范围较大,城市化进程起步较早、社会经济发展水平较好的西部地区道路影响范围大于东部.

The impact of roads on land-use patterns in a rapidly urbanizing region

Based on the multi-period remote sensing and LUCC data, sections with potentially higher impacts were selected from 14 artery roads in Shenzhen, and the urbanization effecting index (U) was calculated to examine the impacts of roads on land-use patterns. Socio-economic factors, topography, and road conditions (ranks of roads and years of roads opening) were the key parameters used in this study. Results of correlation and nonlinear regression analysis showed that land-use patterns were heavily affected by the selected parameters and socio-economic factors had the most important influence on land use. Years of road opening had obvious influence on the areas near the roads, and ranks of roads had significant influences in the intermediate-distance area, and topography had impacts on areas beyond the intermediate-distance. Impacts of road on land uses had three different patterns – the peak type, the declining type and the valley type. The main reasons for the different impacts were the road characteristics. Road impact extensions on land use were ascertained using analysis of regression curves, which were found that major highways and artery roads had bigger effects on land uses than other factors. Land-use patterns in the western part of Shenzhen, due to its early urbanization and dense road networks, were more heavily influenced by Shenzhen than those in the eastern part.