胚胎绒毛膜对微塑料颗粒与镉联合作用的影响

利用胚胎发育技术和代谢组学技术，以100nm（n-PS）和70~250μm（μ-PS）两种粒径的聚苯乙烯（Polystyrene，PS）颗粒为研究对象，从微塑料与胚胎绒毛膜相互作用这个角度，探讨了不同粒径微塑料颗粒和镉（Cd）对斑马鱼胚胎发育联合毒性的差异.结果表明，Cd单独暴露、及其与n-PS和μ-PS联合暴露中，胚胎绒毛膜上Cd的蓄积量分别为3.82，13.66，11.35mg/g，而这三个暴露组中Cd在胚胎体内的含量分别为0.24，0.16，0.20mg/g.n-PS更为显著地增加了Cd在胚胎绒毛膜上的蓄积、降低了Cd在胚胎中的含量（P<0.01）.但是μ-PS却更大程度地降低了Cd的胚胎发育毒性（P=0.006）.代谢组学的数据证实，由于PS颗粒对胚胎绒毛膜堵塞作用，纳米PS颗粒能够促进Cd作用下胚胎的氧化压力和细胞的能量需求.因此，胚胎绒毛膜在微塑料对水生生物早期发育的毒性研究中起着重要作用.本研究能够为微塑料在环境中的生物可利用性和效应研究提供一些新的思考方向.

Effect of chorionic villi on the combination action of microplastic particles and cadmium

Polystyrene (PS) particles with sizes of 100nm (n-PS) and 70~250μm (μ-PS) were used to investigate their influences on the developmental toxicity of cadmium (Cd). The technologies of embryonic development and metabonomics were utilized to analysis the interaction between microplastic particles and embryonic chorion. In single Cd, n-PS+Cd, and μ-PS+Cd treatments, the contents of Cd on embryonic chorion were 3.82, 13.66 and 11.35mg/g, respectively, and the contents of Cd in embryos were 0.24, 0.16 to 0.20mg/g, respectively. The accumulations of Cd increased on embryonic chorion and decreased in embryos were more significantly induced by n-PS (P<0.01). However, μ-PS inhibited the embryonic development toxicity of Cd to a greater extent (P=0.006). Metabonomics data confirmed that, the oxidative stress on embryos and the demand for cellular energy induced by Cd were increased in the combined treatment of Cd and n-PS, which might be due to the barrier action of n-PS on embryonic chorion. Therefore, embryonic chorion plays an important role in the early embryonic development toxicities of microplastics. This study will provide some new sights on the research of bio-availability and effect of microplastics in the environment.