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北太平洋柔鱼渔场时空分布与海洋环境要素的研究
引用本文:唐峰华,靳少非,张胜茂,崔雪森,伍玉梅,刘健,黄洪亮.北太平洋柔鱼渔场时空分布与海洋环境要素的研究[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(8):2093-2100.
作者姓名:唐峰华  靳少非  张胜茂  崔雪森  伍玉梅  刘健  黄洪亮
作者单位:中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所;农业部东海与远洋渔业资源开发利用重点实验室;中国科学院大气物理研究所;中国科学院大学;
基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD13B01);国家“863”项目(2012AA092303)
摘    要:根据2010 年7~9月和2011年7~10月“舟渔1301#” 2个航次的北太平洋柔鱼渔场海上调查资料,利用渔获生产数据?海况天气数据以及同期的卫星遥感获取的海表面温度(SST) ?海表盐度(SSS)及叶绿素a (Chl-a)浓度和海流等数据,分析柔鱼的中心渔场分布与海洋环境的变动关系.研究结果显示:整个调查期间渔获频次在SST和Chl-a因子上均呈正态分布,渔场高产的最适SST范围为18~20℃, 最适SSS范围为33.60‰~34.80‰, 最适Chl-a浓度范围为0.08~0.24mg/m3,其中SST与柔鱼渔场之间有较好的匹配关系,中心渔场通常位于18~20℃的等温线附近,且位置一般出现在冷水团和暖水团交汇区的冷水团一侧;中心渔场位于亲潮和黑潮交汇混合区的向北一侧,离交汇地带的距离较近,而且随着时间的推移,渔汛期间中心渔场的位置逐步往其向西北方向移动.总体上多个环境因子皆可作为确定潜在中心渔场的指标,但以海表水温为最佳,另外辅助寒?暖流的交汇情况以及Chl-a浓度?天气海况等因素来综合分析,判断渔场的中心位置会更准确.

关 键 词:柔鱼  北太平洋  海表温度  海表盐度  叶绿素a浓度  

Study for marine environmental elements on spatio-temporal distribution of neon flying squid in the north Pacific fishing ground
TANG Feng-Hua,JIN Shao-Fei,ZHANG Sheng-Mao,CUI Xue-Sen,WU Yu-Mei,LIU Jian,HUANG Hong-Liang.Study for marine environmental elements on spatio-temporal distribution of neon flying squid in the north Pacific fishing ground[J].China Environmental Science,2014,34(8):2093-2100.
Authors:TANG Feng-Hua  JIN Shao-Fei  ZHANG Sheng-Mao  CUI Xue-Sen  WU Yu-Mei  LIU Jian  HUANG Hong-Liang
Abstract:The data including fish production, sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface salinity (SSS) and Chlorophyll A (Chl-a) collected by“1301ZhouYu” from July to September in 2010and between June and October in 2011and the sea current data obtained by satellite remote sensing are combined to study the effects of marine environmental elements on spatio-temporal distribution of neon flying squid in the northern Pacific fishing ground. Research shows that catch frequency on SST and Chl-a are normally distributed, and the optimal conditions for high fish production are 18~20℃for SST, 33.60‰~34.80‰ for SSS, 0.08~0.24mg/m3for Chl-a. A better match is seen between SST and fishing grounds. Productive fisheries are usually located near the 18~20℃ isotherm, generally on the cold water side of the intersection between cold water and warm water masses. Center fisheries located to the north side of the pro tide and close to the Kuroshio intersection mixed zone. As time went on, the position of center fisheries moved towards the northwest direction step by step. On the whole, several environmental factors could be the index to identify potential center fisheries, but SST is the best choice. Combining this with factors such as the intersection situation of cold and warm water, Chl-a concentrations and sea weather will give more accurate prediction of the center position of fishing grounds.
Keywords:flying squid  north Pacific  sea surface temperature  sea surface salinity  chlorophyll a concentration  
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