中国区域环境绩效及波特假说的再检验

以二氧化碳为非期望产出,基于序列DEA的方向性距离函数、环境规制强度指数、Malmqulist-Luenberger指数,测度了1999~2010年中国30个省、市、自治区及东、中、西、东北四大区域的环境技术效率、环境规制成本及全要素生产率,并对四大区域的全要素生产率进行了波特假说的再检验.研究结果表明:区域间的环境技术效率呈现东-东北-中-西依次递减的演变格局;东北老工业基地的环境规制成本最高、西部地区最低;环境规制强度与全国及四大区域全要素生产率有显著的正相关性,这支持了波特假说的存在;技术进步效应的检验结果显示,只有中部区域支持波特假说的存在,西部区域检验结果表明碳排放的规制过高会对技术进步带来消极影响;环境技术效率变化效应的检验结果显示,全国及四大区域均支持波特假说的存在,碳排放规制强度的加强,会推动各地区在不同时期追赶最优生产前沿面的程度.

Environmental performance in China's regional economies and re-testing the Porter Hypothesis

Based on the sequence DEA-DDF, regulation index, Malmquist-Luenberger (ML) productivity index, environmental technical efficiency, cost of environmental regulation and total factor productivity in eastern, central, western, northeast regions, 30 provinces of china from 1999 to 2010 were measured, and re-testing the Porter hypothesis were taken.The results showed that, the structure of environmental technical efficiency presented the highest in eastern, a little bit lower in northeast, lower in Central and the lowest in western regions. The cost of environmental regulation was the highest in the old industrial base of the northeast , the lowest in the western regions; environmental regulation intensity and total factor productivity of nationwide and four main regions had significant positive correlations, which supported the existence of the Porter hypothesis.The tests on the effect of technological progress showed that , only the central region supported the existence of the Porter hypothesis, the tests of the western regions showed that the higher regulation of carbon emissions would have a negative impact to technological advances. The inspection of the technical efficiency effect of changes in nationwide and four main regions supported the Porter hypothesis, the strengthening of the regulation of carbon emissions intensity would promote the various regions to catch up with the optimal production frontiers at different time.