降雨时间分辨率对SWAT水文模拟的影响

分别基于13个雨量站的日降雨量和小时降雨量，在率水流域建立SWAT（Soil and Water Assessment Tool）水文模型，对基于不同降雨时间分辨率的SWAT模型进行独立的参数率定和验证，在此基础上分析降雨时间分辨率对率水流域SWAT模拟性能的影响.结果表明，降雨输入的时间分辨率对率水流域SWAT模型的水文模拟性能有显著影响.小时降雨输入SWAT模型的纳什系数（NSE）和决定系数（R²）在率定期分别为0.89、0.90，在验证期分别为0.86、0.88，均显著高于日降雨输入SWAT模型对应的模型评价统计量值.究其原因，小时降雨输入SWAT模型对于峰值流量的模拟要明显优于日降雨输入SWAT模型.建议应在不同气候与自然环境条件的流域内开展类似的降雨时间分辨率对水文模型模拟性能的影响研究.

Impact of temporal rainfall resolution on SWAT hydrological simulation

Respectively based on the daily and hourly rainfall of 13rainfall stations, this paper has independently established, calibrated, and validated SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) models in the Shuaishui river basin. On the basis of this, the impact of temporal rainfall resolution on SWAT simulation performance in the Shuaishui river basin has been analyzed. Results have shown that the temporal resolution of rainfall input has a significant impact on the hydrological simulation performance of SWAT in the Shuaishui river basin. The Nash coefficient (NSE) and coefficient of determination (R²⁾ of the SWAT model based on hourly rainfall are respectively 0.89and 0.90during calibration, and 0.86and 0.88during validation, which are all considerably higher than the corresponding model evaluation statistics of the SWAT model based on daily rainfall. This is mainly due to the significantly better performance of the SWAT model with hourly rainfall input in simulating peak flow than the SWAT model with daily rainfall input. It is suggested that similar study of the impact of temporal rainfall resolution on the simulation performance of hydrological models should be systematically carried out in watersheds with different climatic and environmental conditions.