天津城市交通道路扬尘排放特征及空间分布研究

对天津市中心城区道路按照不同道路类型采取道路灰尘样本,研究统计不同类型道路车辆构成和车流量,依据美国EPA AP-42道路扬尘排放因子模型计算排放因子及排放量并应用Mapinfo软件得到了道路灰尘排放量的空间分布图.计算结果表明,天津市区环线、主干路、次干路、支路的道路粉尘负荷分别为0.30,0.40,0.64,2.02g/m2.环线的PM10的排放强度最高,为30.7kg/(km·d),其次为主干路、次干路和支路.天津市区一年道路灰尘的排放量为27985t,其中PM10排放量为5372t.中环线内和平区由于道路密集,交通扬尘排放量最高,向四周排放量递减.

Emission characteristics and spatial distribution of road fugitive dust in Tianjin, China

In this study, road dusts from the central area of Tianjin, China were collected according to the different types of roads, and the vehicle structure and the traffic flow were investigated. Based on the U.S. EPA AP-42 road dust emission factor model, discharging factors were analyzed and their emissions were calculated. In the meantime, the spatial distribution of dust emissions was drawn with Mapinfo. The calculation results showed that the silt loading of the ring road, the backbone road, the minor arterial road and spur tracks in the Tianjin central area was 0.30, 0.40, 0.64, and 2.02 g/m2, respectively. The highest PM10 emission intensity taken place in the ring road was 30.7 kg/(km·d), and their decreasing sequence was the backbone road > the minor arterial road > spur tracks. The road dust emission in the Tianjin central area was up to 27985 tons per year, and the PM10 emission was up to 5372 tons per year. The highest emission of the middle ring road area appeared in the Heping district, because of the dense traffic. The emission around the Heping district was being decreased gradually.