“三线一单”纳入城市发展战略环评技术体系研究

将生态保护红线、环境质量底线、资源利用上线和环境准入负面清单（即"三线一单"）环境管理要求纳入战略环境评价（SEA）,是完善城市发展SEA的潜在有效手段,然而如何将两者进行有机结合尚缺乏实践经验.本文探讨了"三线一单"在城市发展SEA各主要评价环节的作用与评价内容,从重点任务和技术流程两方面建构了基于"三线一单"的城市发展SEA评价技术体系,并以鄂尔多斯绿色发展SEA为例进行检验.结果显示,对于鄂尔多斯这类空间尺度大、自然环境和产业发展异质性高的城市,该体系能够有效预防和解决战略实施过程中城镇无序扩张和产业结构失调造成的环境污染、生态功能退化和资源配置低效等问题,并推动完善城市分级分区差异化环境管控.

Study on the technical system of integrating the requirement of three lines and one list into urban development strategic environmental assessment

Integrating the red line of ecological conservation, the bottom line of environmental quality security, the upper line of natural resource utilization, and the blacklist of activities for environmental scrutiny (requirement of three lines and one list, TLOL) is a potentially effective way to the implementation of SEA. However, how to incorporate the requirement of TLOL into SEA is still lack of experience. This study explored the evaluation content and the functional localization of the TLOL in the main assessment of urban development SEA, an evaluation technical system of urban development SEA has constructed based on TLOL from both aspects of key tasks and technical process, the green development SEA of Ordos has been taken as an example. The case study showed that for cities such as Ordos with a large space scale and a high heterogeneity of natural environment and industrial development, this evaluation system could effectively prevent and solve the environmental pollution, ecological degradation and inefficient resource allocation which caused by the urban sprawl and the imbalance industrial structure during the implementation of the strategy. Moreover, it could improve the management and control of differentiated environment in urban classification and zoning.