北京温榆河流域耐药大肠杆菌的调查研究

采用滤膜法结合大肠杆菌显色培养基,调查了北京地区温榆河流域氨苄青霉素、四环素、磺胺(磺胺甲厄唑-甲氧苄啶联用)和左旋氧氟沙星4 类抗生素耐药大肠杆菌的发生情况.结果表明,温榆河流域总大肠杆菌数为10³~10⁷ 个/L,耐药大肠杆菌数为0~10⁶ 个/L;大肠杆菌对氨苄青霉素、四环素和磺胺耐药率分别为10%~35%、5%~25%、10%~35%,而使用时间最短的左氧氟沙星耐药率则低于15%;受渔场排放影响的采样点,四环素耐药大肠杆菌数量显著高于该点其他抗生素耐药大肠杆菌数量,而左氧氟沙星耐药大肠杆菌数量百分比相对较高的采样点推测可能源于人类排放.

Vertical distributions of atmospheric aerosol mass concentrations in autumn, Beijing City

The occurrence of antibiotic-resistance E.coli to four classes of antibiotics including ampicillin, tetracycline,sulfonamide (sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim) and levofloxacin in Wenyu river in Beijing was investigated by using membranefilter method with E. coli chromogenic culture media. In Wenyu river basin, the total number of E. coli was 103~107cell/L and thenumber of antibiotic-resistance E. coli was 0~106 cell/L. The antibiotic-resistance rates to ampicillin, tetracycline, andsulfonamide were 10%~35%, 5%~25%, 10%~35% respectively; while the antibiotic-resistance rate of levofloxacin which wasrecently using in hospital was lowered than 15%. At the sampling point influenced by the fishery discharge, the number of antibiotic-resistance E. coli to tetracycline was higher markedly than those of resistance E. coli to other antibiotics, while the highest levofloxacin-resistance rates could be inferred having source of human discharge.