区域复合型大气污染调控模型研究

区域复合型大气污染是我国当前面临的主要环境问题之一,为了对其开展经济、有效的调控,本研究提出了一套适用于区域复合型大气污染环境容量规划和污染调控方案优化的线性规划模型.该模型针对区域复合型大气污染特征,可以同时处理多种一次污染和二次污染因子,综合考虑污染控制技术措施对于多种污染物的治理或去除效果、采用“差距闭合法”确定环境质量控制目标并建立软边界约束条件,以提高模型结果的合理性和可行性.在综合考虑多因子环境目标、污染控制经济技术条件以及环境管理要求等多种约束条件下,寻求区域污染控制措施费用最小的控制方案.案例研究结果表明,模型合理、有效,具有较好的推广应用价值.

An optimization model for regional complex air pollution control

Regional complex air pollution is one of the main environmental problems in China. In order to find economic and effective control strategy on the problem, an optimization model was developed in this study. Compared with existing models of the same kind, this model had following new features:(1)Both direct and secondary pollutants were involved;(2)The synergetic effect was considered for a control measure that could remove multi-pollutants; (3) Environmental targets were set in terms of “gap closure”; (4)Soft constraints were established by introducing slack variables. Being subject to constraints of multi-factor environmental targets, economical and technological conditions, as well as management requirements, the model searches for an optimal strategy of pollution control strategy with the minimum cost. A case study suggested that the model was rational and feasible to be put into practice.