2005~2018年河南省NO2柱浓度变化特征

运用OMI卫星遥感资料对河南省2005~2018年NO₂柱浓度的时空分布进行分析，并结合国家大气污染防治政策的实施，研究了2013年之后河南省NO₂柱浓度的变化特征.结果表明，河南省NO₂柱浓度的空间分布为东北高、西南低，高值和低值中心分别位于安阳-新乡-焦作一带（>18.0×10¹⁵molec/cm²）和洛阳-三门峡-南阳市交界（4.0~8.0）×10¹⁵molec/cm².从季节变化来看，冬季NO₂柱浓度高于春夏季，冬季高值中心的浓度较春夏高50%~70%.在2011年前，河南省NO₂柱浓度不断上升，北部较南部增速快.2011年后全省NO₂柱浓度明显下降，焦作-新乡-安阳一带下降最快，主要污染物总量减排和大气污染防治行动计划的实施有效促进了浓度的下降.《大气污染防治行动计划》实施后，与位于京津冀大气污染传输通道的城市相比，传输通道外的城市NO₂柱浓度下降速度慢甚至略有增长，应进一步加大其大气污染防治力度.

Variation of NO2 column concentration over Henan province in 2005~2018

The temporal-spatial characteristics of NO₂ column concentration over Henan province in 2005~2018 were analyzed using OMI remote sensing data. The change characteristics of NO₂ column concentration after 2013 were analyzed according to the implementation time of the Action Plan of Air Pollution Prevention and Control. NO₂ column concentration over Henan province was high in northeast and low in southwest. The large values appeared over the area of Anyang-Xinxiang-Jiaozuo (>18.0×10¹⁵molec/cm²), while the low values appeared over the border of Luoyang, Sanmenxia and Nanyang cities. As to seasons, NO₂ column concentration in winter was significantly higher than that in spring and summer. The concentration of high value center in winter was 50%~70% higher than that in spring and summer. Before 2011, the concentration of NO₂ had an increasing trend over Henan province, and the concentration was growing faster over north. The concentration of NO₂ was decreasing over the whole province in 2011~2018, with the fastest deceleration over the area of Jiaozuo-Xinxiang-Anyang. The reduction of the total pollutants emission and implementation of the Action Plan of Air Pollution Prevention and Control promoted the reduction of concentrations effectively. Compared with the cities located in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei transmission channel of air pollution, the NO₂ column concentration of other cities decreased slowly or even increased after 2013. Therefore, the prevention and control of air pollution should be strengthened outside the transmission channel.