中国突发水污染事件时空分布特征

收集我国2006~2016年间874起突发水污染事件数据，采用统计分析的方法，探讨中国近11年来突发水污染事件时空分布特征.结果表明：2006年事件频数最高（108次），2007年水污染事故数骤减（62次），此后至2016年，突发水污染事件频数大体上和GDP呈正相关上升趋势；事故频发期为3~9月，即春季和夏季为污染事件的高发季节；突发水污染事件空间分布分异较明显，华东、西南和华南三大地区事件频数占全国总频数的69.2%，事故发生地主要集中在重庆、广东、浙江和福建等省市；长江流域、珠江流域和浙闽片河流污染事件数量较为密集，占总数的74.4%；从2006、2011到2016年，环境污染事件的频发区域有着从北向南扩散转移的趋势，长江三角洲、珠江三角洲和鄂渝地区事件频数较高；省级行政区的突发水污染事件的发生次数与人口、交通事故数、工业企业数和工业废水排放量等因子呈显著正相关关系，与单位工业企业数产出下的环保机构数、环保系统人员数和人大政协环境提案数呈负相关关系.

Spatial distribution and temporal variation of sudden water pollution incidents in China

The data of 874cases of sudden water pollution incidents from 2006 to 2016 in China were collected for spatial-temporal distribution analysis. Results showed that:From time, the maximum frequency year of incidents is 2006 with 108 accidents, which reduced dramatically in 2007. The frequency trend of sudden water pollution incidents from 2007 to 2016 shows a positive correlation with GDP. The period from march to September (in spring and summer) are high-occurrence months (seasons) for water pollution incidents. From spatial, incidents were mainly concentrated in Chongqing, Guangdong, Zhejiang, and Fujian provinces. The frequency of incidents in the East China, Southwest China, and South China is nearly 69.2% of the country's total frequency. The frequency of pollution incidents in the Yangtze River Basin, the Pearl River Basin, and rivers in Zhejiang and Fujian Provinces is almost 74.4% of all. From the year 2006, 2011 to 2016, there is a trend of proliferation and migration from north to south. The Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, and the Hubei-Chongqing region are continuous high frequency areas. The frequency of sudden water pollution incidents in different provinces have a significant positive correlation with the population, the number of traffic accidents, the number of industrial enterprises, and the amount of industrial wastewater discharge, but negatively correlated with the number of per environmental protection agencies the number of environmental protection system person, the number of environmental proposals of the National People's Congress and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference under the output of industrial enterprises.