基于空间优化的九洲江流域畜禽养殖生态补偿

以生态补偿试点区九洲江流域为例，基于调研数据和相关资料，以最小的政府生态补偿金额为目标，以水环境容量、耕地承载力、养殖户经济收益为主要约束，建立基于畜禽养殖模式转变的生态补偿空间优化模型.结果表明，九洲江流域生猪养殖最小生态补偿金为5.83亿元，其中2.92亿元用于55.47万头的生猪禁养，1.94亿元用于补助适养区内新建47.99万头高架网床模式养殖，0.97亿元用于18.57万头的养殖模式升级改造.优化后全流域养殖总规模为121.18万头，比现状减少约4万头.可实现污染物削减率73.66%，COD、总氮、总磷分别削减13980，2545，995t.其中，传统养殖模式全部被禁养或升级改造，高架网床养殖模式为流域最主要养殖模式，占比达到81.19%.10个镇的补偿资金及污染物削减情况存在显著差异，补偿金占比较高的是文地、良田、古城镇，合计占总补偿资金的56.78%，COD削减量占总削减量的55.35%.通过优化后的补偿方案，同时实现环境效益和经济效益的双赢.

Studies oneco-compensationlivestockbreedingin Jiuzhou River Basinbasedon space optimization

Pollution fromlivestock breeding is a key emphasis of pollution control ofChina. Ecological compensation policy has great significance both in encouraging farmers to change traditional breeding mode andin reducing pollutant emissions.Using Jiuzhou River Basin as a case study, this paper set up a space optimization model for ecological compensation of pig-breedingbasedon large-scale survey data and related documents. The modeltook minimum amount of ecological compensationasthe objective, constrained by the capacity of water environmental capacity and cultivated landcarryingvapacity, at the same time ensuring nodeclinein the economic incomefrompig-breeding. The results showed that the minimum amount of ecological compensation in Jiuzhou River Basin is 583 million yuan, of which 292 million yuan is used for prohibitingthebreedingofabout 554 thousandpig-breeding, 194 million yuan is used to build environmentally-friendly breedinghouses insuitable area whichcanaccommodate the breeding of 479 thousand pigs, 97 million yuanis used for the transformation of breeding mode which about 185 thousands. After the optimization, the reduction of COD, TN and TP in the Jiuzhou River Basin would be 13980 t, 2545 t and 995 t.The total scale of livestock cultivation in the whole basin would be 1.2 million, with no traditionallivestock breeding modeand 81.19% using an environmentally-friendly model. There is a significant difference between the 10 towns both in compensation amount and pollutant reduction.Those towns with high compensation amounts are Wendi, Liangtian and Gucheng, accounting for 56.78% of the total compensation funds, and the COD reduction accounts for 55.35% of the total reduction. Through the optimized compensation plan, both environmental benefits and economic benefits can be achieved at the same time.