温州沿海大型塑料垃圾排放特征研究

通过调查温州滨海地区近岸海上渔业、航运码头、滨海旅游及餐饮业等行业塑料垃圾的排放，分析行业区域塑料垃圾赋存特征，并初步估算各行业塑料垃圾排放量.结果表明：海上渔业活动区中，以避风塘渔港（S4）塑料垃圾占比最高（91.68%），且以聚乙烯、聚苯乙烯和聚丙烯塑料为主，而东沙渔港（S2）和霞关海水养殖区（S6）以聚苯乙烯泡沫为主，占比分别为26.75%和23.66%.海滩餐饮活动区的塑料垃圾最少，塑料垃圾占比为33.13%.各活动区塑料垃圾的主要类型有塑料袋、塑料瓶、塑料盒、塑料管及破碎的塑料块.据估算，海上渔业活动区与滨海旅游区年排放塑料垃圾量约为1.21×10⁴t/a.为从根本上防治海洋塑料垃圾和海洋微塑料污染，需首先对沿海各行业的塑料垃圾排放源头加强管理，如海水养殖与海洋捕捞活动.

Study on the discharging characteristics of large plastic litters along Wenzhou coastal

The present study aimed to investigate the distribution and components of plastic litter along Wenzhou coastal for revealing the discharging characteristics of beach trash, including marine fishing aquaculture regions, shipping ports regions, tourism regions, and catering regions; then, the amounts of trash discharged from different human activities regions were estimated. The preliminary results showed that the plastic litters were the main components in Bifengtang fishing port region (S4), accounting for 91.68%, and these plastic litter was made of polyethylene, polystyrene and polypropylene mainly; while the polystyrene foam was dominated in Dongsha fishing port (S2, 26.75%) and Xiaguan aquaculture regions (S6, 23.66%). However, the percentage of plastic litter was the lowest (33.13%) in catering region with various types. And these plastic trash included plastic bags, bottles, containers, straws, and fragments. Lastly, a total of 1.21×10⁴t/year of plastic litter was estimated to be discarded from marine fishery and tourism activities into marine environment. Thus, it is urgent to take effective actions to control the discharging sources of plastic litter, such as the marine fishing activities, to prevent the marine plastic litter and microplastics pollution further.