京津冀及周边地区工业大气污染排放因素分解——基于LMDI模型分析

运用对数平均迪氏指数分解法探究了2011~2015年京津冀及周边地区工业大气污染物排放的主要影响因素.将该地区排放量变化的总效应分解为人口效应、经济规模效应、产业结构效应、能耗效应、能源结构效应和排放强度效应.研究结果表明，人口效应和经济规模效应基本为正效应，产业结构效应、能耗效应和排放强度效应基本为负效应.京津冀及其周边地区能源结构在2011~2015年期间变化不显著，因此能源结构效应对总效应的贡献很小，贡献度均未超过0.52%.北京市、天津市、河北省、河南省、山东省和山西省的情况不同，各效应贡献度的变化趋势也不相同.人口效应、经济规模效应、产业结构效应、能耗效应和排放强度效应的变化，主要来自于人口增速、经济规模增速、工业增加值比重降幅、能耗强度降幅和排放强度降幅的变化.在制定减排政策时，应根据各效应的累计贡献值和贡献度大小，对于该地区共存的主要影响因素，制定联合减排政策措施.对于存在地区差异的主要影响因素，因地制宜制定不同的减排政策措施.

Factors decomposition of industrial air pollutant emissions in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and surrounding areas based on LMDI model analysis

Based on Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI), the main impact factors of industrial air pollutant emissions in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and surrounding areas from 2011 to 2015 were explored. The total effect of emission change in the above regions were decomposed into population effect, economic scale effect, industrial structure effect, energy consumption effect, energy structure effect and emission intensity effect. The results showed that both population effect and economic scale effect were basically positive, while industrial structure effect, energy consumption effect and emission intensity effect were mostly negative. Due to few changes of energy structure in the above regions within the period from 2011 to 2015, energy structure effect made a few contributions to the total effect, lower than 0.52%. As the situation in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Henan, Shandong and Shanxi were differed, each effect contributed differently. The growing population and economic scale, declining proportion of industrial added value, energy consumption intensity and emission intensity impacted population effect, economic scale effect, industrial structure effect, energy consumption effect and emission intensity effect. During the formulation of emission reduction policy, the accumulated contribution value and contribution degree of each effect should be considered. Joint emission reduction policies and measures could be made to address the main impact factors which coexisted in these regions. For other main impact factors which specially mattered to any provinces or cities, policy was advised to suit local conditions.