电力行业水-能耦合关系研究综述

电力行业消耗了全球约8%的水资源，电力生产与输配过程中消耗的能源与水资源之间的相关关系被定义为电力行业水-能耦合关系.本文从电力行业水耗和节水潜力研究、电力生产与水资源空间分布匹配研究、电力行业水-能耦合关系与其他环境问题的关系研究三个角度对国际上相关文献的研究内容、研究方法和主要结论进行梳理.研究结果表明：冷却技术选择对电力行业的水-能耦合关系影响较大，电力生产的需水量与各地水资源禀赋在空间上不匹配，电力行业水-能耦合系统管理体系尚未建立且面临迫切的实际需求.

Review of the studies on the water-energy nexus of the electricity sector

The electricity generation consumes around 8% of global water use. The water use for the electricity generation and transmission is defined as "the water for energy" or "the water-energy nexus of the electricity sector". This study went through the literatures that are relevant to this topic from the following aspects:the quantification of the water consumption and withdrawal by various electricity generation types; the analysis of the mismatch between electricity generation/transmission and water resources; and other related environmental issues. This study concluded that:the cooling technologies would have significant influence on the water consumption and withdrawal for the electricity generation; there are tremendous spatial disparities of local water resources and electricity generation; comprehensive management of the water and energy is still lacking and urgently needed.