NaOH改性鱼骨粉材料对Cd(II)的吸附

以鱼骨粉（FBM）为原料，利用NaOH处理制备高性能改性鱼骨粉材料（FBM_T），通过比表面积仪（BET）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、傅里叶红外光谱（FTIR）、扫描电镜-光电子能谱（SEM-EDS）、透射电镜（TEM）等手段对吸附前后材料形貌、孔结构、功能基团进行表征分析.结果表明，与FBM相比，FBM_T出现一定数目中孔和大孔，具备了高孔容和平均孔径，分别增加68.57%和24.69%.FBM_T材料表面-OH、C=O和PO₄^3-等官能团含量增加，显示出一定的缓冲性能.FBM和FBM_T对Cd（Ⅱ）的吸附经历快速的分配和慢速的吸附两个阶段，符合准二级动力学模型，相关系数R²分别达到0.8635及0.9480.Langmuir模型较好地拟合FBM和FBM_T对Cd（Ⅱ）的等温吸附过程，对Cd（Ⅱ）饱和吸附量由改性前的9.28mg/g增至改性后的22.47mg/g，对应的吸附强度K_F值也随之增加.分离因子0 < R_L < 1表明Cd（Ⅱ）的去除过程为有利吸附.功能材料与Cd（Ⅱ）的作用机理主要包括阳离子专性吸附、静电吸附、离子交换、表面络合及沉淀作用.以上研究为鱼骨粉修复Cd污染提供一种经济有效的方法.

The absorption of Cd(II) on NaOH modified fish bone meal function materials

Higher performance function of fish bone meal (FBM_T) treated by NaOH was obtained, and then BET, XRD, FTIR, SEM-EDS, and TEM were used to investigate the structure characteristics of samples and the properties and mechanisms of Cd removal. The results showed that compared with FBM a certain number of medium-and macro-porous appeared in FBM_T, and higher volume and average width of pore were got in FBM_T, being 68.57% and 24.69%, respectively, higher than that of FBM. After treated with NaOH, the amount function groups such as -OH, C=O and PO₄^3- in FBM_T was increased. The adsorption of Cd (Ⅱ) on FBM and FBM_T included an initial fast sorption phase and a second slow sorption phase, and the process of adsorption kinetics was well fitted by Pseudo-second-order, with correlation coefficients R² 0.8635 and 0.9480, respectively. The isothermal adsorption process could be well fitted with Langmuir isotherms, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Cd increased from 9.28mg/g on FBM to 22.47mg/g on FBM_T, and the adsorption intensity (the values of K_F) was correspondingly increased. The value of separation factor (0 < R_L < 1) indicated that the adsorption process of Cd (Ⅱ) was favorable. The interaction mechanisms of function materials and Cd (Ⅱ) involved special cation adsorption, electrostatic adsorption, ion exchange, surface complexation and precipitation. Therefore, the research above supports an economic and effective method for the remediation of Cd contamination using fish bone meal.