沼渣堆肥中Cu和Zn形态与有机官能团特征

以猪粪沼渣和水稻秸秆为原料，采用BCR提取法和同步辐射红外显微成像法研究了沼渣堆肥过程中Cu和Zn形态的变化和有机官能团的原位分布特征.研究发现，沼渣堆肥后Cu和Zn含量分别增加28%和38%.同时，可交换态Cu和Zn比例明显降低，而残渣态Cu和Zn比例普遍升高.同步辐射红外显微成像结果显示，与猪粪沼渣原料相比，堆肥后的沼渣在3400cm^-1处吸收峰强度显著降低，而在1430cm^-1处吸收峰强度明显增加，表明堆肥过程中多糖类物质发生了降解进而形成了芳香类物质.综上，同步辐射红外显微成像技术有望成为表征有机物演变规律及解释重金属形态转化的一个新手段.

Characterization of Cu and Zn species as well as the distribution of functional groups during composting of biogas residues and rice straw

Changes of Cu and Zn species and the distribution of functional groups during composting of pig manure biogas residue and rice straw were studied by using the community bureau of reference (BCR) extraction and synchrotron radiation based infrared spectromicroscopy (SR-FTIR). The results showed that compared to raw biogas residues, the content of Cu and Zn in the biogas residues increased 28% and 38%, respectively, after composting treatment. After composting, the exchangeable fractions decreased in both Cu and Zn, whereas their reducible fractions increased markedly. Micro-FTIR (μ-FTIR) showed a decrease of peak intensity at 3400cm^-1but an increase of peak intensity at 1430cm^-1during composting, suggesting the degradation of polysaccharides and the formation of aromatic substances. In summary, SR-FTIR has a potential to explore changes of organic matters and fractions of heavy metals during composting.