微生物有机肥对樱桃园土壤细菌群落的影响

采用田间试验，探究微生物有机肥对樱桃园土壤细菌群落的影响.利用高通量测序和实时定量PCR技术，研究不施肥（CK）、常规施肥（CN）和施微生物有机肥（CB）处理土壤细菌数量、多样性和群落结构的变化.结果表明，施微生物有机肥显著提高了土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮和速效磷含量.结合16S rRNA基因拷贝数和α^-多样性指数结果，发现施微生物有机肥能提高细菌数量，且提高细菌多样性和丰富度.不同施肥处理显著改变了细菌群落结构.门水平上，变形菌门、酸杆菌门、厚壁菌门、芽单胞菌门、放线菌门为优势类群，共占细菌总量的74.3%~85.1%.目水平上，CB处理中Acidobacteria_Gp4和Gp6相对丰度显著低于CK处理，而Acidobacteria_Gp7较CK处理增加了75.4%.冗余分析结果表明，环境因子解释了细菌群落变化的92.3%，土壤有机质、全氮含量和pH值是造成樱桃园土壤细菌群落结构差异的主要原因.因此，施用微生物有机肥能显著提高土壤养分含量、土壤细菌数量及群落多样性，对于培肥地力极为重要.

Effects of bio-organic fertilizer on the soil bacterial community in a cherry orchard

Field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of bio-organic fertilizer on the diversity of the bacterial community in a cherry orchard. High-throughput sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR were used to determine the bacterial abundance, diversity, and composition under different no fertilizer (CK), conventional fertilizer (CN), bio-organic fertilizer (CB). The results showed that CB significantly increased the soil organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali nitrogen, and available phosphorus. The bacterial 16S rRNA gene copy numbers and α diversity indexes showed that CB increased the number, diversity, and richness of bacteria. Principal coordinate analysis showed that the different fertilizer treatments significantly changed the bacterial community structure. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Firmicutes, Gemmatimonadetes, and Actinobacteria were the predominant phyla, accounting for 77.22%~86.28% of the total reads. CB significantly decreased the abundances of Acidobacteria_Gp4and Gp6compared with CK, whereas Acidobacteria_Gp7exhibited the opposite trend with an increase of 75.4% compared with CK. Redundancy analysis showed that environmental factors explained 92.3% of bacterial community changes. Soil organic matter, total nitrogen content, and pH were the main factors related to the variations in the bacterial community in cherry orchards. Therefore, bio-organic fertilizer could significantly increase soil nutrient content, quantity of soil bacteria, and bacterial community diversity, which was important for improving soil fertility.