聚氨酯合成革厂空气中挥发性有机物的成分谱

采用吸附管采样和二次热解吸-GC-MSD联用技术研究了珠江三角洲地区3个典型聚氨酯(PU)合成革厂不同车间空气中挥发性有机物(VOCs)的含量和成分谱.结果表明,主要检出卤代烃、氯苯类、芳香烃类、酯类、酰胺类和酮类等6类共15种VOCs化合物,其中生产车间VOCs总浓度高达(15.300±0.964)mg/m3,而半成品车间、树脂原料车间和厂边界分别为(12.047±0.977)mg/m3,(1.912±1.281)mg/m3, (1.980±0.522)mg/m3;生产车间和半成品车间的VOCs特征轮廓图谱较相似,特征化合物均为甲苯、乙酸乙酯和2-丁酮;而树脂原料车间的特征化合物为甲苯、苯和苯乙烯.源成分谱研究得出该类污染源排放的VOCs分子标志物为乙酸乙酯,其百分比含量最高,达到36.32%± 16.62%.

VOC components in the air caused by the local polyurethane synthetic leather industries in the Pearl River Delta region

Two-stage thermal desorption and gas chromatography and mass spectrometry were used to investigate air pollutants emitted from three major factories among many local polyurethane (PU) synthetic leather industries in the Pearl River Delta region. 15 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were detected, which were mainly halogenated hydrocarbons, chlorobenzene, aromatic hydrocarbon, esters, amides and ketones. The average concentration of total VOCs was the highest (15.300±0.964) mg/m3 at the manufacturing departments, (12.047±0.977)mg/m3 at semi- finished raw materials departments, (1.912±1.281)mg/m3 at the resin warehouses and the lowest (1.980±0.522) mg/m3 in the outside of the factories. The major components of the VOC spectrum were similar between manufacturing department and semi-finished raw materials department, and were mainly 2-butanone, toluene and ethyl acetate; while toluene, benzene and styrene were the major components in the resin warehouses. Ethyl acetate was found to be a remarkable molecular marker in the VOC source profile of PU synthetic leather industry with the highest percentage of total VOCs up to 36.32%±16.62%.