不同好氧颗粒污泥中微生物群落结构特点

为了探讨活性污泥好氧颗粒化过程对微生物种群的影响、不同底物及不同颗粒化方法培养的好氧颗粒污泥中微生物群落结构的差异,以接种污泥、模拟废水好氧颗粒污泥和分别投加粉末活性炭和硅藻土的实际生活污水好氧颗粒污泥为研究对象,利用PCR-DGGE对比分析了接种污泥和好氧颗粒污泥中的微生物群落结构.结果表明:活性污泥好氧颗粒化过程会减少微生物种群多样性,影响颗粒污泥稳定性的细菌被淘汰,而聚磷菌、反硝化菌、难降解有机物降解菌等污水处理功能微生物都在颗粒化过程中得到保留.活性污泥好氧颗粒化过程中能够实现亚硝化细菌(AOB)一定程度的富集.与接种活性污泥相比,好氧颗粒污泥中AOB的多样性指数与均匀性指数均有提高.好氧颗粒污泥中的优势菌群主要分布于变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和未培养菌(uncultured bacterium).其中AOB均属于β-Proteobacteria的亚硝化单胞菌属(Nitrosomonas).

Characteristics of microbial community structure in different aerobic granular sludge.

In order to investigate the influences of activated sludge aerobic granulation process on microbial diversity and the differences of microbial community structure in aerobic granular sludge(AGS) which was cultivated by different carbon sources or different granulation methods, the microbial community structure of seed sludge and AGS(AGS with artificial wastewater, AGS with real domestic wastewater by adding diatomite and powered activated carbon respectively) were analyzed by PCR-DGGE. The activated sludge aerobic granulation process led to a low microbial diversity. The bacteria which might impact the stability of granular sludge were eliminated. However, the bacteria which were capable of phosphorus accumulation, denitrification or bio-degradation of refractory organic substances were retained. In the activated sludge aerobic granulation process the ammonia oxidation bacteria(AOB) were enriched to a certain extent. Compared with the seed activated sludge, the diversity index and evenness index of AOB were increased. The dominant bacterial communities in AGS were Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and uncultured bacterium. The dominant AOB in AGS were all belonged to Nitrosomonas.