水环境中重金属的生物毒性预测模型

简要介绍了近年来发展的几种金属生物毒性预测模型，如FIAM、GSIM和BLM等模型。金属与生物有效性和毒性之间的关系，是制定金属的水质标准的依据，随着对金属形态及其生物有效性和毒性关系研究的深入，产生了很多的机理描述模型。描述金属与生物作用的现存模型有多种，分别从多种角度解释了环境因素对金属形态分布及其生物毒性的影响，各模型在一定程度上可给出重金属的生物毒性信息，但都存在缺陷，不能完全替代毒性实验。建立合理的金属毒性预测模型，为建新的水质标准提供依据，正是国际环境界研究的热点。

Prediction Models of Toxicity of Heavy Metal to Aquatic Organisms

Knowledge of relationship between metal specia-tion and biological effect is essential to understand heavy metal impact on the environment. The importance of considering metal bioavailability in assessing ecological impact has been recognized by both regulatory authorities and scientific community. The review summarized the results of these effects to develop a series of mathematical modelling framework that can be applied to ecological risk assessment for metals in aquatic settings. The models to be described, such as: FIAM, GISM and BLM, objective of the report is to provide a more detailed discussion of the process of development, mechanism and application of models, and difficulties of them. It is envisioned that modelling approach will be applicable not only to copper, but also to other metals.