曲霉对水中重金属的吸附去除

利用2种曲霉A.sojae M146和A.oryzae M149的菌体，作为吸附剂对水中Pb^2＋和Cd^2 进行去除实验。结果表明，曲霉菌体的最佳培养时间为72h，吸附的最佳pH为5．5、温度为30℃、时间为1h。在最佳实验条件下，A.sojae M146对Pb^2 和Cd^2 的吸附率，分别为69．76％和72．28％；A.oryzae M149对Pb^2 和Cd^2 的吸附率，分别为60．64％和81．34％。使用稀碱溶液对曲霉菌体进行浸泡预处理后，可提高对重金属的吸附去除效果；而使用稀释、乙醇水溶液以及蒸馏水对菌体浸泡后，明显降低了重金属的去除效果。Na2CO3和EDTA溶液，可以有效地将重金属从曲霉体上解吸下来，从而达到重复利用菌体作为吸附剂的目的。

Removal of Heavy Metal from Aqueous Solution by Aspergillus sp

The biomass of Aspergillus so jae M146 and As-pergillus oryzae M149 is an effective agent for heavy metal removal. The effects of pH, temperature, equilibration time and pre-treatment reagents on the removal of Pb (a!),Cd(a!)from aqueous solutions by Aspergillus sojae M146 and Aspergillus oryzae M149 have been studied. The optimal conditions for both heavy metal removal were pH 5.5, equilibration temperature 30! and equilibration time 1 hour with 69.76% Pb(a!) and 72.28% Cd(a!) being removed by Aspergillus so jae M146 and 60. 64% Pb(a!) and 81.34% Cd(a!) by Aspergillus oryzae M149. Chemical treatment of cultivated fungal biomass (O.lmol/L NaOH, O.lmol/L HCI, 30% ethanol and distilled water) affected the efficiency of metal removal by Aspergillus so jae M146 and Aspergillus oryzae M149. Pretreatment of biomass by NaOH enhanced Cd(a!) and Pb(a!) removal, while pre-treatment by HCI, ethanol and distilled water reduced Cd(a!) and Pb(a!) removal. Once heavy metals were accumulated in the fungal biomass, the release back to the aqueous solutions was efficient (>80%) when the loaded-biomass was treated with O.lmol/L Na2CO3 or O.lmol/L EDTA indicating the potential for regeneration and reuse of the microbial biomass for further heavy metal removal.