太湖地区农田氮素非点源污染及环境经济分析

通过计算1987～1988年和1995～1996年两个年段中氮素对太湖水体使用功能的污染损失率以及农田氮素对人太湖总氮的贡献率,求得农田氮素造成太湖的经济损失值。采用边际分析方法,分析农田氮素在1987～1996年间的边际外部成本。用环境经济学的观点重新认识农业生产函数中氮肥成本的内涵,即把外部成本考虑在内,在此基础上求得该地区农业持续发展的农田合理施氮水平——生态经济施氮量为327.82～371.61kg/(hm~2·a)。

Nitrogen Pollution from Agricultural Non-Point Sources in Lake Tai Region and its Environmental Economic Analysis

Economic loss of Lake Tai resulting from agricultural nitrogen has been studied by calculating polluting loss rate and the ratio of agricultural nitrogen amount drained off into Lake Tai to that of total nitrogen in 1987 - 1988 and 1995 ~ 1996. Marginal external cost of agricultural nitrogen from 1987 to 1996 was obtained by marginal analyzing method. The connotation of nitrogen fertilizer cost in agricultural production functions was re-recognized from the viewpoint of environmental economics, which included the external cost of nitrogen fertilizer. The ecological economic nitrogen application amount was analyzed on this basis, which is the rational nitrogen application amount of sustainable devolopment agriculture in Lake Tai region was 327.82 - 371.61kg/hm2.a.