石油污染土壤的生物整治研究

对被石油污染的包气带土层中微生物生态分布特性进行了调查，并从该土层中分离出１５９株烃降解细菌和真菌，其中１７株可以不同程度地分别利用烷烃（ｎＣ９～ｎＣ１８）和芳烃（酚、萘、甲苯和二甲苯）作为唯一碳源生长，在最适氮源和磷源的条件下，假音胞菌在５２在７ｄ内可利用石蜡作为碳源，生物量连续增加；３ｄ可将初始浓度为５００ｍｇ／Ｌ的机油降解９９％，投加选育出的混合菌株，进行土壤石油污染的生物整治模拟试验，结果

Study on Bioremediation of Petroleum-polluted Soil

A simulated experiment has been performed in the laboratory for bioremediation of soil contaminated with oil wastewater. The feature of microbial ecological distribution in the polluted site was investigated. 159 bacterial and fungal strains capable of degrading hydrocarbons were isolated from various polluted soils, and 17 of them were capable of using hydrocarbons including alkanes(nC8~ nC16)and aromatic hydrocarbons (phenol, naphthalene, benzene, toluene and xylene)as sole carbon source for growing. Under optimum nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition conditions, Pseudomonas sp.52 could grow continuously by using paraffin within the first 7 days of incubation, and engine oil was degraded more than 99% with initial concentration of 500mg/L in 3 days. Strains isolated from contaminated soil were inoculated to 25g soil from polluted site to simulated on-site bioremediation process. Over a period of 25-day experiment, it was observed that mineralization of hydrocarbons was enhanced 1 fold as compared with uninoculation one. An unpolluted soil (25g) was artificially contaminated with petroleum at the concentration of 15000mg/kg, after seeding with hydrocarbons degrading microbes and incubating for 8 days, total petroleum hydrocarbons reduction was as high as 98.8% and CO2 production was as high as 3.8fold compared with control. The contribution rate of bioaugmentation and/or nutrition amendment to bioremediation of petroleum pollution was also discussed.