生物柴油的研究与应用

生物柴油作为一种可再生能源，可以由动植物油脂通过转酯化反应来制备，它在燃料特性方面与矿物柴油有着十分相似的品质，因此使用生物柴油无须对现有的柴油发动机做任何改造，以生物柴油为燃料的机动车尾气中不含硫氧化物，排出的总颗粒物、总ＨＣ和ＣＯ的量分别是矿物柴油的３０％、４０％和５０％。生物柴油的热效率比矿物柴油高５％～８％，而两者在发动机输出功率上并没有太大的差异。

Study and Application on Biodiesel

Biodiesel comes from biomass resource, which is a renewable energy. It can be prepared by transesterification of animal fat and/or oil. There are similar characteristics of biodiesel with fossil fuel. It is unnecessary to remake current diesel engine when biodiesel will be used. In exhaust gas of vehicle which use biodiesel, sulfur dioxide is absent. If biodiesel was used, the amount of TPM, HC and CO in emission are 30%, 40% and 60% from fossil diesel respectively. The heat efficiency of biodiesel is higher than 5% ~ 8% of fossil diesel. But the engine output is same both biodiesel and fossil diesel. Use of biodiesel will improve energy support, change the fuel structure, ameliorate air quality in urban area, push agricultural products processing forward.