东太湖渔业发展对水环境的影响及其生态对策

东太湖网围养殖始于1984．至今养殖面积达3200hm^2。占东太湖面积的24％以上。网围养殖的盲目发展带来了湖泊的水质污染．沼泽化等环境问题。为保护东太湖水域环境。必须明确湖泊功能定位。减少湖泊污染源。并在此基础上进行人工调控．合理放养。完善湖泊生态系统结构。针对东太湖水生植被退化的趋势。应恢复和加强对优质水生植被的保护。促进湖泊生物多样性。恢复其良性生态。

Effect of Fishery Development on Water Environment and Its Eco-countermeasure in East Lake Taihu

Enclosure culture in East Lake Taihu started from 1984, and the culturing area is 3200ha up to date, it is about 25 percent for the whole East Lake Taihu. The random development for pen-culture brought forth water pollution and swamping etc. In order to protect the water environment, the important things are to ensure the function of lake, reduce polluting sources, and ameliorate ecosystem structure by regulating and controlling the enclosure culture. Meanwhile, aimed at the degeneration tendency, to recover and protect aquatic vegetation in the lake, and enhance the biological diversity are necessary.