| 水培和盆栽条件下碎米莎草对铀的耐受性及富集特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 聂小琴,丁德馨,董发勤,刘 宁,张 东,李广悦,刘明学.水培和盆栽条件下碎米莎草对铀的耐受性及富集特征[J].环境科学研究,2015,28(5):831-838. |
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| 作者姓名： | 聂小琴 丁德馨 董发勤 刘 宁 张 东 李广悦 刘明学 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.西南科技大学, 核废物与环境安全国防重点学科实验室, 四川 绵阳 621010 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金委员会-中国工程物理研究院联合基金项目(11176028)；国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2014CB846003)；核废物与环境安全国防重点学科实验室开放基金项目(12zxnp02) |
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| 摘 要： | 碎米莎草(Cyperus iria L.)作为铀的超耐受植物,它的发现为探讨铀污染环境的植物修复和铀在植物体中的吸收和耐受机理提供了一种新的资源. 在Hoagland's营养液中加入铀标准溶液模拟铀污染水环境,以及直接在铀尾沙条件分析不同铀供应水平下碎米莎草对铀的耐受性能和富集特征. 结果表明:①碎米莎草对铀的富集特征依赖于生长介质中铀的供应水平和植物生长期等多重因素. 碎米莎草不同生长期各部位w(U)均高于生长介质中的铀供应水平,根系和地上部分w(U)最高可分别达(48 605±1 266)和(824±856)mg/kg. 根、茎和叶中w(U)基本随着铀供应水平的升高而增加,在开花期时较低,根系吸收的铀有1/10~1/5能转移至茎、叶、花籽部位,ρ(U)<250 mg/L的铀溶液对碎米莎草的生长无抑制作用. ②碎米莎草对铀尾沙具有很强的耐受性,但地上部分的富集系数在某些条件下可大于1；地上部分的w(U)在开花期相对较高,至成熟期时下降；在成熟期添加柠檬酸有助于碎米莎草根、茎和叶将铀转移至籽部位.
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| 关 键 词： | 碎米莎草 铀 耐受性 富集特征 |
Effects of Tolerance and Enrichment Characteristics of Cyperus iria L. to Uranium under Hydroponic and Potted Culture |
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| NIE Xiaoqin,DING Dexin,DONG Faqin,LIU Ning,ZHANG Dong,LI Guangyue and LIU Mingxue.Effects of Tolerance and Enrichment Characteristics of Cyperus iria L. to Uranium under Hydroponic and Potted Culture[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2015,28(5):831-838. |
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| Authors: | NIE Xiaoqin DING Dexin DONG Faqin LIU Ning ZHANG Dong LI Guangyue and LIU Mingxue |
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| Institution: | Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environmental Safety Laboratory, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China,Fundamental Science on Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy Laboratory, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China,Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environmental Safety Laboratory, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China,Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China,Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China,Fundamental Science on Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy Laboratory, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China and Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environmental Safety Laboratory, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: A hydroponic and potted experiment was conducted to investigate the tolerance ability and characteristics of enrichment of uranium by Cyperus iria L. The results showed that:1) The enrichment characteristics of uranium by C. iria depended on multiple factors including the uranium concentration in water or soil and the growth stages of the plants. The uranium content in the roots and stems and leaves increased as the concentration of uranium increased. After exposure to uranium solutions for 30 days, the uranium concentrations (dry weight) in its roots ranged between (4,8±611) mg/kg for 100 mg/L uranium solution and (48,5±1,6) mg/kg for 2,0 mg/L uranium solution. The uranium concentrations in its shoots ranged between (366±26) mg/kg for 100 mg/L uranium solution and (8,4±856) mg/kg for 2,0 mg/L solution concentration; these were only 1/10-1/5 of those in the shoots. Except grade of growth inhibition, all the growth parameters had the similar tendency:they would come to a peak at the initial concentration of uranium between 100 mg/L and 250 mg/L and then steadily decline with a sharp decrease between 500 and 2,0 mg/L. 2) There was a strong adaptability and tolerance of C. iria on the uranium tailing, the biological enrichment coefficients (BC) in shoot cannot always be greater than 1. The uranium content in the shoots of C. iria was higher in flowering stage than seeding stage, and the value of BC in shoot was increased when adding citric acid to the uranium tailing in the seeding stage. |
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| Keywords: | Cyperus iria L uranium tolerance enrichment characteristics |
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